Wednesday, 29 May 2013
Conclusion
Based on the Graph and Data Table, it can be concluded that the more hydrogen peroxide that we use the slower the rate of reaction between the hydrogen peroxide and yeast. It proves that the my hypothesis was correct. The reason behind this conclusion is because there was a higher amount of hydrogen peroxide used and yet the same amount of yeast used. Therefore, the yeast had to react with a larger amount of hydrogen peroxide leading to a slower speed of reaction between the reactants, namely the hydrogen peroxide (enzyme) and yeast (catalyst).
My Experiments
This Are The Food Colouring Used In The Experiment
As You Can See That There Are Only 4 Colours I would Mix Two Of The Colours Together To Form The Fifth One.
This is the yeast mixture that I used in the experiment
This is the solution of food coloring, hydrogen peroxide and soap.
When I added the yeast solution into the hydrogen peroxide, food coloring and soap solution.
(100ml of Hydrogen peroxide used)
After the experiment was done
The second experiment using 125ml of hydrogen peroxide.
During the reaction/experiment
This is the 3rd experiment using 150ml of hydrogen peroxide
The 4th experiment that used 175ml of hydrogen peroxide
After the 4th experiment.
The Fifth Experiment using 200ml of hydrogen peroxide
Monday, 27 May 2013
The Chemistry Behind It
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an oxidizer commonly used as a bleach. It is the simplest peroxide
(a compound with an oxygen-oxygen single bond). Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid, slightly more
viscous than water, that appears colorless in dilute solution. It is used as a disinfectant, antiseptic, oxidizer, and in rocketry as a propellant.
Hydrogen peroxide is naturally produced in organisms as a by-product of oxidative metabolism.
Nearly all living things possess enzymes known as peroxidases, which harmlessly and catalytically
decompose low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen.
Whereas, the yeast acts as a catalyst and thus when it comes into contact with hydrogen peroxide, there would be a reaction.
(a compound with an oxygen-oxygen single bond). Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid, slightly more
viscous than water, that appears colorless in dilute solution. It is used as a disinfectant, antiseptic, oxidizer, and in rocketry as a propellant.
Hydrogen peroxide is naturally produced in organisms as a by-product of oxidative metabolism.
Nearly all living things possess enzymes known as peroxidases, which harmlessly and catalytically
decompose low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen.
Whereas, the yeast acts as a catalyst and thus when it comes into contact with hydrogen peroxide, there would be a reaction.
How Does It Work
A catalyst is a chemical that is introduced to other chemicals specifically to speed up a slow moving
reaction. In this case the potassium iodide was the catalysts. When you plopped it into the hydrogen
peroxide the whole decomposition process ratched it up a notch and not only was water and oxygen in
abundance but some of the water was converted to steam. The steam, being a hot, expanding gas is trapped
in the liquid detergent and shoved out of the bottle as a foam by the pressure inside the bottle.
The reaction also created a fair amount of heat which reacted with the “mers” (groups or clusters
of atoms, collectively known as polymers) in the plastic bottle. Things usually expand when they are
heated, however, in this case, the heat causes the long bonds of the plastic to collapse. The end produce
is a hot, wrinkly pop bottle.
reaction. In this case the potassium iodide was the catalysts. When you plopped it into the hydrogen
peroxide the whole decomposition process ratched it up a notch and not only was water and oxygen in
abundance but some of the water was converted to steam. The steam, being a hot, expanding gas is trapped
in the liquid detergent and shoved out of the bottle as a foam by the pressure inside the bottle.
The reaction also created a fair amount of heat which reacted with the “mers” (groups or clusters
of atoms, collectively known as polymers) in the plastic bottle. Things usually expand when they are
heated, however, in this case, the heat causes the long bonds of the plastic to collapse. The end produce
is a hot, wrinkly pop bottle.
Important Terms In This Experiment
Catalyst: A chemical that dramatically changes the rate of reaction of other chemicals.
Catalytic Reaction: Certain chemicals decompose over time. A catalyst is a chemical that speeds
this process up. In this lab hydrogen peroxide decomposes to release oxygen and produce water, about
10% per year by volume. By adding a catalyst the reaction takes seconds to complete rather than the
majority of a decade.
Chemical Change: This is the result of the chemical reaction. When the atoms in the reaction get
rearranged and it produces a new material this results in a change of physical properties as well.
Exothermic Reaction: A chemical reaction that produces or release heat.
Foam: Gas trapped in a liquid or solid chemical.
Catalytic Reaction: Certain chemicals decompose over time. A catalyst is a chemical that speeds
this process up. In this lab hydrogen peroxide decomposes to release oxygen and produce water, about
10% per year by volume. By adding a catalyst the reaction takes seconds to complete rather than the
majority of a decade.
Chemical Change: This is the result of the chemical reaction. When the atoms in the reaction get
rearranged and it produces a new material this results in a change of physical properties as well.
Exothermic Reaction: A chemical reaction that produces or release heat.
Foam: Gas trapped in a liquid or solid chemical.
Finalized Idea
I would be conducting the Elephant Toothpaste Experiment
Research Question: Does the amount of hydrogen peroxide used affect the rate/speed of reaction
Materials: Funnel, measuring beaker, hydrogen peroxide, instant dry yeast, dish washing liquid, stopwatch, food coloring, 500ml mineral water bottle
Hypothesis: The more the amount of hydrogen peroxide used the slower the speed of reaction
Variables:
Dependent:Time taken for reaction to be finished
Independent: Amount of Hydrogen Peroxide used
Constant: the amount of soap used, the amount of yeast used, the amount of water used, the amount of food coloring used, the volume and shape of the bottle, the temperature of the water used.
Experiment Procedure:
1. Pour 100ml of hydrogen peroxide into a 500ml water bottle.
2. Add 10ml of food colouring into the 500ml water bottle
3. Add 15ml of dish washing liquid into the same bottle and swish the bottle a bit to mix the solution
4. In a separate cup add 3g of instant dry yeast into 30ml of warm water (approximately 40 degree celsius)
5. Pour the yeast solution into the bottle with the help of a funnel and remove the funnel right after the yeast solution is poured into the bottle
6. Start the stopwatch when the yeast solution is poured into the bottle
7. Record the timing that it takes for the reaction to be complete
8. Repeat steps 1-7 using 125ml, 150ml, 175ml, 200ml of hydrogen peroxide instead.
Research Question: Does the amount of hydrogen peroxide used affect the rate/speed of reaction
Materials: Funnel, measuring beaker, hydrogen peroxide, instant dry yeast, dish washing liquid, stopwatch, food coloring, 500ml mineral water bottle
Hypothesis: The more the amount of hydrogen peroxide used the slower the speed of reaction
Variables:
Dependent:Time taken for reaction to be finished
Independent: Amount of Hydrogen Peroxide used
Constant: the amount of soap used, the amount of yeast used, the amount of water used, the amount of food coloring used, the volume and shape of the bottle, the temperature of the water used.
Experiment Procedure:
1. Pour 100ml of hydrogen peroxide into a 500ml water bottle.
2. Add 10ml of food colouring into the 500ml water bottle
3. Add 15ml of dish washing liquid into the same bottle and swish the bottle a bit to mix the solution
4. In a separate cup add 3g of instant dry yeast into 30ml of warm water (approximately 40 degree celsius)
5. Pour the yeast solution into the bottle with the help of a funnel and remove the funnel right after the yeast solution is poured into the bottle
6. Start the stopwatch when the yeast solution is poured into the bottle
7. Record the timing that it takes for the reaction to be complete
8. Repeat steps 1-7 using 125ml, 150ml, 175ml, 200ml of hydrogen peroxide instead.
Sunday, 26 May 2013
Brainstorming Ideas 2
Brainstorming Ideas 2
Bend Water With Static Electricity
Research Question: Does water temperature affect the degree in which the water bends?
Materials: A plastic comb, an indoor faucet, and a head of cleans hair.
Hypothesis: The higher the temperature of water used, the larger the degree of the 'bend' of the water.
Variables:
Dependent: Degree of 'bend' of water.
Independent: The amount of times we comb our hair
Constant: the head of hair is used, the size of the stream of water, the same shape, size and colour of the comb,
Short Summary of Research done on the area of investigation:
-When you brushed that comb through your hair, tiny parts of the atoms in your hair, called ELECTRONS, collected on the comb. These electrons have a NEGATIVE charge. Now that the comb has a negative charge, it is attracted to things that have a POSITIVE charge. It is similar to the way some magnets are attracted to certain metals.
-When you bring the negatively charged comb near the faucet it is attracted to the POSITIVE force of the water. The attraction is strong enough to actually pull the water towards the comb as it is flowing!
Brainstorming Ideas 1
Brainstorming Ideas 1
This Experiment is common known The Elephant Toothpaste Experiment
Research Question: Does the amount of hydrogen peroxide used in the experiment affect the speed of reaction between the catalyst and enzyme?
Materials: Funnel, measuring beaker, hydrogen peroxide, instant dry yeast, dish washing liquid, stopwatch, food coloring, 500ml mineral water bottle
Hypothesis: The more the amount of hydrogen peroxide used the slower the speed of reaction
Variables:
Dependent:Time taken for reaction to be finished
Independent: Amount of Hydrogen Peroxide used
Constant: the amount of soap used, the amount of yeast used, the amount of water used, the amount of food coloring used, the volume and shape of the bottle, the temperature of the water used.
Short summary of research done on the area of investigation:
- When a reactant comes into contact with a catalyst/enzyme, a reaction takes place
- When the experiment of the elephant toothpaste takes place, an exothermic reaction takes place
- The yeast , that acts the catalyst, removes oxygen form the hydrogen peroxide thus creating bubbles that leads to foam.
- The foam produced comprises of soap, oxygen and water.
This Experiment is common known The Elephant Toothpaste Experiment
Research Question: Does the amount of hydrogen peroxide used in the experiment affect the speed of reaction between the catalyst and enzyme?
Materials: Funnel, measuring beaker, hydrogen peroxide, instant dry yeast, dish washing liquid, stopwatch, food coloring, 500ml mineral water bottle
Hypothesis: The more the amount of hydrogen peroxide used the slower the speed of reaction
Variables:
Dependent:Time taken for reaction to be finished
Independent: Amount of Hydrogen Peroxide used
Constant: the amount of soap used, the amount of yeast used, the amount of water used, the amount of food coloring used, the volume and shape of the bottle, the temperature of the water used.
Short summary of research done on the area of investigation:
- When a reactant comes into contact with a catalyst/enzyme, a reaction takes place
- When the experiment of the elephant toothpaste takes place, an exothermic reaction takes place
- The yeast , that acts the catalyst, removes oxygen form the hydrogen peroxide thus creating bubbles that leads to foam.
- The foam produced comprises of soap, oxygen and water.
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